The History of Lord Bidam : 상대등 비담( Sangdaedeung Bidam) in "Queen Seon Duk"
ชีวประวัติของ "ซังแดดึง พีดาม" ในเรื่อง "ซอนต๊อก มหาราชินีสามแผ่นดิน"
Roytavan : Writer
Original : http://twssg.blogspot.com/
พีดาม (Bidam) นั้นมีตัวตนจริง ๆ ในประวัติศาสตร์นะคะ ซึ่งต่างจากในละครเรื่อง "ซอนต๊อก มหาราชินีสามแผ่นดิน" เพราะในประวัติศาสตร์จริงไม่มีใครทราบว่า พีดาม เป็นคนรักของราชินีจริงหรือไม่ ? อย่างไร ?
เพียงแต่มีประวัติศาสตร์บันทึกไว้ว่าเป็นผู้ก่อกบฏจลาจล ในช่วงปลายรัชสมัยราชินีซอนด็อก สาเหตุที่ประวัติของ Bidam นั้นปรากฎอยู่น้อยมาก เนื่องจาก Bidam ถูกกล่าวหาว่าเป็นผู้นำการก่อกบฎในอาณาจักรชิลลา ช่วงรัชสมัยของราชินีซอนด็อก ...ชื่ออของ พีดามส่วนหนึ่งปรากฎอยู่ในบันทึกการก่อสร้าง หอดูดาวของอาณาจักรชิลลา อีกส่วนหนึ่งปรากฏในบันทึกประวัติศาสตร์พระเจ้าจูมงแห่งอาณาจักรโคคุเรียว ว่าหลังจากที่ ราชินีซอนด็อกสิ้นพระชนม์เพียง 10 วัน พีดามก็ถูกตัดสินประหารชีวิตโดยราชินีจินด็อก ด้วยข้อหาทำการจลาจลและก่อกบฎ ...
Bidam in history (?-647)/ ชีวประวัติของ "ซังแดดึง พีดาม"
เขียนและแปล โดย ร้อยตะวัน /Roytavan : Writer
Original : http://twssg.blogspot.com/
He was a Sangdaedeung (상대등/ The highest post of government) during the end of Queen Seon Duk reign.
พีดาม (ถ้าอ่านออกเสียงตามภาษาเกาหลีจริง ๆ แล้ว คำว่า 비담 คำนี้ ต้องออกเสียงว่า Bidam -บิดัม) เขาดำรงตำแหน่ง ซังแดดึง ซึ่งเป็นผู้นำสูงสุดของสภาขุนนางแห่งอาณาจักรชิลลา มีทำหน้าที่ในการควบคุมดูแลและบริหาราชการต่าง ๆ ของแผ่นดิน ในช่วงรัชสมัยของราชินีซอนด็อก จนกระทั่งสิ้นรัชกาล
His birth details and achievement was not much known, but it is believe that he come from noble family.
สถานที่เกิดและวันเดือนปีที่เกิด รวมทั้งผลงานความสำเร็จต่าง ๆ มีปรากฎอยู่ในบันทึกประวัติศาสตร์น้อยมาก แต่เชื่อได้ว่าเป็นบุคคลที่มาจากตระกูลชนชั้นสูงและมีชื่เสียงมากตระกูลหนึ่งของชิลลา
He revolt with motto “Women’s rulers can not rule the country” (女主不能善理)
เขาเป็นผู้มีแนวคิดที่ต่อต้านและคัดค้านผู้ปกครองที่เป็นสตรี และเป็นเจ้าของคติพจน์ที่ว่า "อำนาจอิทธิพลของสตรี ไม่อาจนำมาใช้ในการบริหารปกครองประเทศได้" หรือหากแปลจากภาษาจีนประโยคนี้ "女主不能善理 / Female can not control with a good reasons" ก็ตือ "ผู้หญิง ไม่สามารถควบคุมบริหารด้วยเหตุผลที่ดีได้. (선덕여왕이 왕위에 오른 지 16년째 되던 647년, 상대등이었던 비담(毗曇)과 염종(廉宗)이 반란을 일으켰습니다. ‘여자 임금은 나라를 잘 다스릴 수 없다'라는 명분을 앞세운 이 반란은 여왕의 통치 자체를 전면적으로 부정하는 것이었습니다 )
Legend says that during the uprising, a star ‘drop’. Bidam use it to anchorage his follower saying that the sign of the end of Queen reign. On the other hand, Kim Yushin then discuss with the Queen, then they decide to fly a burning kite as a sign that ‘the star is back to its place’.
ตามตำนานกล่าวไว้ว่า ในระหว่งการก่อการจลาจล ดวงดาวประจำตัวของราชินีซอนด็อกบนท้องฟ้าได้ อัปแสงลง พีดามใช้สิ่งนี้เป็นสัญญลักษณ์แห่งลางของการบอกเหตุ. แก่ผู้ติดตามของเขาวว่า นี่คือสัญญารลางบอกเหตุแห่งการสิ้นรัชสมัยของราชินีซอนด็อกแล้ว แต่ในทางตรงข้าม แม่ทัพคิมยูชินกลับตัดสินใจร่วมกับราชินี ใช้ยุทธวิธีการปล่อยว่าวทำลายขวัญและเบี่ยงเบนความสนใจศัตรู พร้อมทั้งเป็นการส่งสัญญาณบอกทหารในกองทัพว่า "ดวงดาวจะกลับไปสู่สถานที่เดิม" อันเป็นสัญญาณรบนั่นเอง (ประวัติของ Bidam ตอนนี้มีอยู่ในบันทึกประวัติศาสตร์ของอาณาจักรชิลลา)
Jumong stated that about 10 days after Bidam uprising, he and 30 of his men were executed [Queen Seon Duk die on 8 January, Bidam executed on 17 January after Queen Jindeok was throne]
ในบันทึกประวัติศาสตร์ของกษัตริย์จูมงแห่งอาณาจักรโคคุเรียวกล่าวไว้ชัดเจนว่า หลังจากการก่อการจลาจลได้เพียง 10 วัน ทั้งพีดามและพรรคพวกรวม 30 คนก็ถูกประหารชีวิตหลังจากที่ราชินีซอนด็อกสิ้นพระชนม์ในวันที่ 8 มกราคม , พีดามถูกประหารชีวิตวันที่ 17 มกราคม ปีเดียวกัน หลังจากที่ราชินีจินด็อกแห่งชิลลาขึ้นครองราชย์แล้ว
주님의 상대등 비담 (History of Sangdaedeung Bidam or Lord Bidam)
상대등 비담:
비담(毗曇, ?~647년) 은 신라 제 27대 선덕여왕 말기의 진골로 추정되는 귀족이며, 상대등(上大等)을 역임했고 반란을 일으킨 역신(逆臣)이다. 삼국사기 선덕여왕조, 김유신 열전에 등장한다.
생애 :
출생 연도, 부모 등 출생에 대한 사항 및 업적 등에 대해서는 남은 기록이 전혀 없다. 하지만 선덕여왕 재위 말기 화백회의의 수장좌이자 신라의 최고 벼슬인 상대등에 오른 것으로 보아, 골품은 진골이며 성은 김씨일 것으로 추정된다.
김정산작가의 작품 《삼한지》에서 진평왕의 동생 백반의 아들로 나와있다
상대등 :
신라 제 27대 국왕인 선덕여왕(善德女王)의 재위 말기인 645년에 화백회의의 수장인 상대등이 되었다. 선덕여왕 16년인 647년 정월, 비담은 염종 등과 함께 “여자 군주는 나라를 다스릴 수 없다.”(女主不能善理)는 기치 하에 반란을 일으켰다.
비담의 난 :
비담은 월성(月城)을 먼저 장악한 김유신에 밀려 명활산성에 진을 치고 대치하였다. 삼국사기에 따르면, 비담의 반란은 10여 일 만에 진압당했으며, 그의 9족은 전멸당했다. 삼국사기 진덕여왕조에 따르면, 이에 연루되 죽은 자가 30명이었다.
그러나 비담의 난이 진행되는 도중인 정월 8일, 선덕여왕은 승하하였고,[1] 이어 진덕여왕(眞德女王)이 신라의 제28대 국왕으로 즉위하였다.
일화 :
삼국사기 김유신 열전은 비담의 난과 관련된 일화가 실려 있다. 비담은 명활산성에 진을 치고 김유신이 이끄는 관군은 월성에 진을 쳤다. 어느 날 밤 큰 별이 월성에 떨어졌다. 이에 비담이 부하들에게 "이는 틀림없이 여주(女主, 여왕을 낮추어 부른 말)가 패할 징조이다."라고 말하자, 반란군의 사기는 하늘을 찌를 듯 했다.
이에 선덕여왕은 김유신을 불러 대책을 논의하였다. 김유신은 왕을 안심시킨 후 허수아비에 불을 붙인 후 연을 띄워 하늘로 올려보냈다. 그리고는 "어제 밤에 떨어진 별이 다시 올라갔다"는 소문을 퍼뜨렸다. 이에 관군은 기세를 얻어 반란군을 물리쳤다
드라마에 나온 비담 ;
드라마 선덕여왕 : 김남길이 비담 역을 연기 하였다. 드라마 상에서는 진지왕과 미실의 사생아로 등장한다. 후에, 염종의 계략으로 반란을 일으키게 되고, 선덕여왕과의 사랑을 표현하며 김유신의 칼을 맞아 죽음을 맞이했다.
1992년 KBS에서 방영된 드라마 삼국기에서는 최병학이 비담 역을 연기하였다.
참고 문헌 :
삼국사기 김유신 열전
삼국사기 신라본기(新羅本紀) 선덕왕조 16년 기사
삼국사기 신라본기 진덕왕조 1년 기사
A : 비담 실제로 선덕여왕을 만날려고 싸우다가 죽엇나여?
답변자 : joukcc / 2009-12-23
드라마이므로 극적으로 그렇게 꾸민 것입니다.
사전에 나와있는 사실은 선덕여왕이 먼저 죽고 진덕여왕 원년에 반란군과 비담은 처형당한 것으로 보입니다.
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비담 (毗曇 ? - 647(?∼선덕여왕 16))<야후사전>
신라 선덕여왕 때 상대등으로 반란을 일으킨 인물. 진골귀족으로 성은 김씨로 짐작된다. 645년(선덕여왕 14)에 상대등에 취임, 647년 선덕여왕이 정치를 잘하지 못한다는 명분을 내걸고 스스로 왕위에 즉위하고자 염종(廉宗) 등과 더불어 반란을 일으켰다. 이 반란은 내란으로까지 발전하였는데 김유신(金庾信)의 토벌군에 의해 진압되었다. 이런 와중에서 선덕여왕은 죽고, 반란에 연좌되었던 30여 명은 647년(진덕여왕 즉위년) 모두 죽음을 당하였으며, 특히 비담의 경우는 구족(九族)이 멸하였다.
비담의 난<위키백과 : 삼국사기 김유신열전>
647년 정월에 상대등 비담이 염종과 짜고, “여인을 군주로 섬길 수는 없다.”라며 반란을 일으켰다. 당시 신라 왕실에 선덕여왕을 계승할 수 있는 근친 왕족은 성골인 여왕의 사촌 승만 공주와 진골이지만 육촌인 김춘추 밖에 없었고, 그들을 제외한다면 방계 진골 귀족인 비담이 가장 유력한 왕위 계승자였다. 왕궁 진입에 실패한 반란군은 명활성에 들어가 시위를 벌였는데, 선덕여왕으로부터 반란군 진압을 명령받은 김유신과 김춘추는 월성에 진영을 설치하고 반란군과 대치했다. 열흘이 넘도록 양측의 치열한 공방전이 계속되었다.
그러던 중, 한밤중에 큰 별 하나가 월성에 떨어졌다. 이것을 본 비담이 병사들에게 “내가 듣기로 별이 떨어진 곳은 반드시 피를 흘린다고 했다. 이것은 이 싸움에서 여왕이 패하고 내가 승리한다는 하늘의 계시다.”라고 말하자 반란군의 사기는 오르기 시작했고, 반대로 진압군의 사기는 떨어졌다. 이에 김유신은 한 가지 꾀를 내었다. 그는 비밀리에 허수아비와 커다란 연을 만들고 밤이 되기를 기다렸다가 허수아비에 불을 붙인 뒤 연에 실어 하늘로 띄워 보냈다. 그 모습은 마치 떨어졌던 별이 다시 하늘로 올라가는 것처럼 보였다. 김유신은 병사들에게 어젯밤에 떨어진 별이 다시 하늘로 올라갔다는 소문을 퍼뜨렸다. 소문은 삽시간에 퍼져 나가 반란군에게까지 전해졌고, 반란군의 사기는 뚝 떨어졌다. 이와 반대로 진압군의 사기는 치솟았다.
김유신이 군사들을 독려하며 쳐들어가 반란군을 대파하자 비담 등은 도망쳤다. 김유신은 이를 놓치지 않고 쫓아가 그들의 목을 베고 그들의 일족을 멸하였다. 김유신이 반란을 무사히 진압하고 돌아오자 그의 위상은 한층 높아졌다. 그 사이 선덕여왕이 서거하고 그 뒤를 이어 선덕여왕의 사촌인 승만공주가 왕위를 계승하여 진덕여왕이 되었다.
비담의 난<위키백과 : 상대등 비담>
비담은 월성(月城)을 먼저 장악한 김유신에 밀려 명활산성에 진을 치고 대치하였다. 삼국사기에 따르면, 비담의 반란은 10여 일 만에 진압당했으며, 그의 9족은 전멸당했다. 삼국사기 진덕여왕조에 따르면, 이에 연루되 죽은 자가 30명이었다.
그러나 비담의 난이 진행되는 도중인 정월 8일, 선덕여왕은 승하하였고,[1] 이어 진덕여왕(眞德女王)이 신라의 제28대 국왕으로 즉위하였다.
답변참고 >> Bidam's History on wikipedia.
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